副词有哪些句法功能
1.用作状语。副词用作状语，这是其主要功能：
He speaks English very well. 他英语说得很好。
I often get up at six in the morning. 我经常是在6点钟起床。
He went home yesterday. / Yesterday he went home. 他昨天回家了。
2.用作表语
I’ll be back in five minutes. 我五分钟就回来。
I must be off now. 我现在得走了。
Is the radio on or off? 收音机是开着的还是关着的？
【注】在一般情况下，用作表语时不用副词而用形容词：
正：He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
误：He looks very angrily.
正：Mr. Smith is very careful. 史密斯先生很仔细。
误：Mr. Smith is very carefully.
英语中用可作表语的副词主要是表地点的副词以及某些与介词同形的副词，常见的有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, back, in, home, ahead, upstairs, downstairs, off, through, on, over 等。而且这些副词只能用于连系动词be 后作表语，而不用于其他连系动词后作表语，如：
正：He is here. / He is away.
误：He seems here. / He seems away.
3.用作宾语
It’s hot in here. 这里面很热。
It’s not far from here. 从这儿去不远。
He had to I’ll stay at home tonight. 今晚我将呆在家里。
【注】副词用作宾语的用法十分有限，通常只用作介词宾语，并且只限于某些表示时间和地点的副词，而且不同的副词有不同的搭配特点，如 here和there 可与along, around, down, from, in, near, round, up 等介词连用，但通常不与介词to连用，如不说come to here, go to there 等(注：from here to there是例外)。
4.用作宾语补足语
Please ask him in, please. 请叫他进来。
I’m pleased to see you back. 看到你回来了我很高兴。
【注】一般说来，只有能用作表语的副词才可用作宾语补足语。
5.用作定语
Is there anything on tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗?
The people there were very friendly. 那儿的人很友好。
【注】在通常情况下，副词用作定语总是放在被修饰的名词之后。
